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Properties of substance:

chloroform



skc-file

Synonyms:

trichloromethane

Group of substances:

organic

Physical appearance:

colorless mobile liquid

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

CHCl3

Structural formula as text:

HCCl3

Molar/atomic mass: 119.378

Melting point (°C):

-63.5

Boiling point (°C):

61.15

Decomposition temperature (°C):

450

CAS №: 67-66-3

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane: miscible [Ref.]
acetone: soluble [Ref.]
benzene: soluble [Ref.]
carbon disulphide: soluble [Ref.]
diethyl ether: miscible [Ref.]
ethanol: miscible [Ref.]
ligroin: miscible [Ref.]
oils: miscible [Ref.]
oxygen liquid: 0.0000045 (-183°C) [Ref.]
phosphorus(V) trichloride oxide: soluble [Ref.]
sulfolane: miscible [Ref.]
water: 1.062 (0°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.81 (20°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.7444 (60°C) [Ref.]

Numerical data:

Sweetness potency сompared with a 2% (w/v) aqueous solution of sucrose: 40

Density:

1.636 (-60°C, g/cm3)
1.564 (-20°C, g/cm3)
1.488 (20°C, g/cm3)
1.475 (25°C, g/cm3)
1.394 (60°C, g/cm3)

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. [Ref.1, Ref.2, Ref.3]
    CH2Cl2 + Cl2 → CHCl3 + HCl
    CHCl3 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl
  2. [Ref.1, Ref.2]
    CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl
    CH3Cl + Cl2 → CH2Cl2 + HCl
    CH2Cl2 + Cl2 → CHCl3 + HCl
    CHCl3 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl

Refractive index (nD):

1.4455 (20°C)

Vapour pressure (Torr):

1 (-58.9°C)
10 (-30.4°C)
30 (-13.1°C)
100 (9.8°C)
200 (25.9°C)
400 (42.7°C)
526 (50°C)
740 (60°C)

Dissociation:

pKa (1) = 15.7 (20°C, water)

Permittivity (dielectric constant):

4.806 (20°C)
4.636 (30°C)
6.67 (-60°C)
1.0087 (100°C)

Dipole moment (D):

1.15 (20°C)

Viscosity (mPa·s):

0.542 (25°C)

Surface tension (mN/m):

27.14 (20°C)

Speed sound (m/s):

171.4 (97.1°C, aggregative state - gas)

Heat of combustion (kJ/mol):

373.2

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH (298 K, kJ/mol)

-134.1 (l) [Ref.]
-102.7 (g) [Ref.]

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG (298 K, kJ/mol)

-73.7 (l) [Ref.]
6 (g) [Ref.]

Standard molar entropy S (298 K, J/(mol·K))

201.7 (l) [Ref.]
295.7 (g) [Ref.]

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298 K, J/(mol·K))

114.2 (l) [Ref.]
65.7 (g) [Ref.]

LD50 (mg/kg):

1250 (rats, oral)
1000 (mice, oral)

Critical temperature (°C):

262

Critical pressure (MPa):

5.53

References:

  1. Seidell A. Solubilities of organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.2. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1941. - pp. 12-16
  2. Yalkowsky S.H., Yan H. Handbook of aqueous solubility data. - CRC Press, 2003. - pp. 4-5
  3. Беликов В.Г. Учебное пособие по фармацевтической химии. - М.: Медицина, 1979. - pp. 92 [Russian]
  4. Вредные химические вещества: Углеводороды, галогенпроизводные углеводородов. Справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1990. - pp. 327-337 [Russian]
  5. Гордон А., Форд Р. Спутник химика. - М.: Мир, 1976. - pp. 187 [Russian]
  6. Крамаренко В.Ф. Токсикологическая химия. - Киев: Выща школа, 1989. - pp. 154-157 [Russian]
  7. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 553 [Russian]
  8. Промышленные хлорорганические продукты: Справочник. - М.: Химия, 1978. - pp. 26-35 [Russian]
  9. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 193 [Russian]
  10. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 370 [Russian]
  11. Справочник химика. - 2 изд., Т.1. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1966. - pp. 617 [Russian]
  12. Стэлл Д.Р. Таблицы давления паров индивидуальных веществ. - М.: ИИЛ, 1949. - pp. 9 [Russian]
  13. Успехи химии. - 1971. - Т.40, №2. - pp. 226-253 [Russian]
  14. Успехи химии. - 1971. - Т.40, №3. - pp. 462-490 [Russian]
  15. Химия и жизнь. - 1990. - №5. - pp. 82 [Russian]
  16. Хухо Ф. Нейрохимия: Основы и принципы. - М.: Мир, 1990. - pp. 74 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru