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Properties of substance:
cerium
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
cubic metal
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
Ce
Structural formula as text:
Ce
Molar/atomic mass: 140.12
Melting point (°C):
804
Boiling point (°C):
3450
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
ethanol
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
mercury
: 0.016 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
mercury
: 0.1 (150°C) [
Ref.
]
mercury
: 1 (450°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Year of discovery: 1803
Density:
6.77 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions of synthesis:
[
Ref.1
]
2CeCl
3
+ 3Ca → 2Ce + 3CaCl
2
Half-life:
121
58
Ce = 1.1 s (β
+
(100%), β
+
p (about 1%))
123
58
Ce = 3.8 s (β
+
(100%), β
+
p)
124
58
Ce = 9.1 s (β
+
(100%))
125
58
Ce = 9.7 s (β
+
(100%), β
+
p (?))
125m
58
Ce = 13 s (internal transition (100%))
126
58
Ce = 51.0 s (β
+
(100%))
127
58
Ce = 34 s (β
+
(100%))
127m
58
Ce = 28.6 s (β
+
(100%))
128
58
Ce = 3.93 min (β
+
(100%))
129
58
Ce = 3.5 min (β
+
(100%))
130
58
Ce = 22.9 min (β
+
(100%))
130m
58
Ce = 100 ns (internal transition (100%))
131
58
Ce = 10.3 min (β
+
(100%))
131m
58
Ce = 5.4 min (β
+
(100%))
132
58
Ce = 3.51 h (β
+
(100%))
132m
58
Ce = 9.4 ms (internal transition (100%))
133
58
Ce = 97 min (β
+
(100%))
133m
58
Ce = 5.1 h (β
+
(100%))
134
58
Ce = 3.16 d (electron capture (100%))
134m
58
Ce = 308 ns (internal transition (100%))
135
58
Ce = 17.7 h (β
+
(100%))
135m
58
Ce = 20 s (internal transition (100%))
136
58
Ce = stable ( (isotopic abundance 0,185%))
136m
58
Ce = 1.96 μs (internal transition (100%))
137
58
Ce = 9.0 h (β
+
(100%))
137m
58
Ce = 34.4 h (internal transition (99.21%), β
+
(0.79%))
138
58
Ce = stable ( (isotopic abundance 0,251%))
138m
58
Ce = 8.65 ms (internal transition (100%))
139
58
Ce = 137.641 d (electron capture (100%))
139m
58
Ce = 56.54 s (internal transition (100%))
140
58
Ce = stable ( (isotopic abundance 88,45%))
140m
58
Ce = 7.3 μs (internal transition (100%))
141
58
Ce = 32.511 d (β
-
(100%))
142
58
Ce = stable ( (isotopic abundance 11,114%))
143
58
Ce = 33.039 h (β
-
(100%))
144
58
Ce = 284.91 d (β
-
(100%))
145
58
Ce = 3.01 min (β
-
(100%))
146
58
Ce = 13.52 min (β
-
(100%))
147
58
Ce = 56.4 s (β
-
(100%))
148
58
Ce = 56.8 s (β
-
(100%))
149
58
Ce = 4.94 s (β
-
(100%))
150
58
Ce = 6.05 s (β
-
(100%))
151
58
Ce = 1.76 s (β
-
(100%))
152
58
Ce = 1.42 s (β
-
(100%))
153
58
Ce = 865 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n)
154
58
Ce = 722 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n)
155
58
Ce = 313 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n)
156
58
Ce = 233 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n)
157
58
Ce = 175 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n)
158
58
Ce = 99 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (?))
Vapour pressure (Torr):
0.01 (1292°C)
0.1 (1442°C)
1 (1602°C)
10 (1860°C)
Electrode potential:
Ce
3+
+ 3e
-
→ Ce, E = -2.34 V (water, 25°C)
Ce
4+
+ e
-
→ Ce
3+
, E = 1.72 V (water, 25°C)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
64 (s)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
26.9 (s)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
8.8
Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ
vap
H (kJ/mol):
409
References:
Гринвуд Н., Эрншо А. Химия элементов. - Т.2. - М.: БИНОМ. Лаборатория знаний, 2008. - pp. 552 [Russian]
Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 52 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 112 [Russian]
Сонгина О.А. Редкие металлы. - 3 изд. - М.: Металлургия, 1964. - pp. 228-246 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru
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